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+// Package pgx is a PostgreSQL database driver.
+/*
+pgx provides a native PostgreSQL driver and can act as a database/sql driver. The native PostgreSQL interface is similar
+to the database/sql interface while providing better speed and access to PostgreSQL specific features. Use
+github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/stdlib to use pgx as a database/sql compatible driver. See that package's documentation for
+details.
+
+Establishing a Connection
+
+The primary way of establishing a connection is with [pgx.Connect]:
+
+ conn, err := pgx.Connect(context.Background(), os.Getenv("DATABASE_URL"))
+
+The database connection string can be in URL or key/value format. Both PostgreSQL settings and pgx settings can be
+specified here. In addition, a config struct can be created by [ParseConfig] and modified before establishing the
+connection with [ConnectConfig] to configure settings such as tracing that cannot be configured with a connection
+string.
+
+Connection Pool
+
+[*pgx.Conn] represents a single connection to the database and is not concurrency safe. Use package
+github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgxpool for a concurrency safe connection pool.
+
+Query Interface
+
+pgx implements Query in the familiar database/sql style. However, pgx provides generic functions such as CollectRows and
+ForEachRow that are a simpler and safer way of processing rows than manually calling defer rows.Close(), rows.Next(),
+rows.Scan, and rows.Err().
+
+CollectRows can be used collect all returned rows into a slice.
+
+ rows, _ := conn.Query(context.Background(), "select generate_series(1,$1)", 5)
+ numbers, err := pgx.CollectRows(rows, pgx.RowTo[int32])
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+ // numbers => [1 2 3 4 5]
+
+ForEachRow can be used to execute a callback function for every row. This is often easier than iterating over rows
+directly.
+
+ var sum, n int32
+ rows, _ := conn.Query(context.Background(), "select generate_series(1,$1)", 10)
+ _, err := pgx.ForEachRow(rows, []any{&n}, func() error {
+ sum += n
+ return nil
+ })
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+pgx also implements QueryRow in the same style as database/sql.
+
+ var name string
+ var weight int64
+ err := conn.QueryRow(context.Background(), "select name, weight from widgets where id=$1", 42).Scan(&name, &weight)
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+Use Exec to execute a query that does not return a result set.
+
+ commandTag, err := conn.Exec(context.Background(), "delete from widgets where id=$1", 42)
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+ if commandTag.RowsAffected() != 1 {
+ return errors.New("No row found to delete")
+ }
+
+PostgreSQL Data Types
+
+pgx uses the pgtype package to converting Go values to and from PostgreSQL values. It supports many PostgreSQL types
+directly and is customizable and extendable. User defined data types such as enums, domains, and composite types may
+require type registration. See that package's documentation for details.
+
+Transactions
+
+Transactions are started by calling Begin.
+
+ tx, err := conn.Begin(context.Background())
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+ // Rollback is safe to call even if the tx is already closed, so if
+ // the tx commits successfully, this is a no-op
+ defer tx.Rollback(context.Background())
+
+ _, err = tx.Exec(context.Background(), "insert into foo(id) values (1)")
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+ err = tx.Commit(context.Background())
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+The Tx returned from Begin also implements the Begin method. This can be used to implement pseudo nested transactions.
+These are internally implemented with savepoints.
+
+Use BeginTx to control the transaction mode. BeginTx also can be used to ensure a new transaction is created instead of
+a pseudo nested transaction.
+
+BeginFunc and BeginTxFunc are functions that begin a transaction, execute a function, and commit or rollback the
+transaction depending on the return value of the function. These can be simpler and less error prone to use.
+
+ err = pgx.BeginFunc(context.Background(), conn, func(tx pgx.Tx) error {
+ _, err := tx.Exec(context.Background(), "insert into foo(id) values (1)")
+ return err
+ })
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+Prepared Statements
+
+Prepared statements can be manually created with the Prepare method. However, this is rarely necessary because pgx
+includes an automatic statement cache by default. Queries run through the normal Query, QueryRow, and Exec functions are
+automatically prepared on first execution and the prepared statement is reused on subsequent executions. See ParseConfig
+for information on how to customize or disable the statement cache.
+
+Copy Protocol
+
+Use CopyFrom to efficiently insert multiple rows at a time using the PostgreSQL copy protocol. CopyFrom accepts a
+CopyFromSource interface. If the data is already in a [][]any use CopyFromRows to wrap it in a CopyFromSource interface.
+Or implement CopyFromSource to avoid buffering the entire data set in memory.
+
+ rows := [][]any{
+ {"John", "Smith", int32(36)},
+ {"Jane", "Doe", int32(29)},
+ }
+
+ copyCount, err := conn.CopyFrom(
+ context.Background(),
+ pgx.Identifier{"people"},
+ []string{"first_name", "last_name", "age"},
+ pgx.CopyFromRows(rows),
+ )
+
+When you already have a typed array using CopyFromSlice can be more convenient.
+
+ rows := []User{
+ {"John", "Smith", 36},
+ {"Jane", "Doe", 29},
+ }
+
+ copyCount, err := conn.CopyFrom(
+ context.Background(),
+ pgx.Identifier{"people"},
+ []string{"first_name", "last_name", "age"},
+ pgx.CopyFromSlice(len(rows), func(i int) ([]any, error) {
+ return []any{rows[i].FirstName, rows[i].LastName, rows[i].Age}, nil
+ }),
+ )
+
+CopyFrom can be faster than an insert with as few as 5 rows.
+
+Listen and Notify
+
+pgx can listen to the PostgreSQL notification system with the `Conn.WaitForNotification` method. It blocks until a
+notification is received or the context is canceled.
+
+ _, err := conn.Exec(context.Background(), "listen channelname")
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+ notification, err := conn.WaitForNotification(context.Background())
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+ // do something with notification
+
+
+Tracing and Logging
+
+pgx supports tracing by setting ConnConfig.Tracer.
+
+In addition, the tracelog package provides the TraceLog type which lets a traditional logger act as a Tracer.
+
+For debug tracing of the actual PostgreSQL wire protocol messages see github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgproto3.
+
+Lower Level PostgreSQL Functionality
+
+github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgconn contains a lower level PostgreSQL driver roughly at the level of libpq. pgx.Conn in
+implemented on top of pgconn. The Conn.PgConn() method can be used to access this lower layer.
+
+PgBouncer
+
+By default pgx automatically uses prepared statements. Prepared statements are incompatible with PgBouncer. This can be
+disabled by setting a different QueryExecMode in ConnConfig.DefaultQueryExecMode.
+*/
+package pgx